class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # Community assembly patterns of novel treeline ecosystems promoted by invasive pines ### Gabriel Muñoz ### Sep. 2018 --- ## Preliminary info: **PhD. proposal (*in progress*)** - Supervisor: [Dr. Jean-Phillipe Lessard](http://jeanphilippelessard.com/) <br> .pull-left[  ] .pull-right[  ] <br> Follow this presentation online: insert link here! --- class: inverse, center, middle # Background --- ## Accelerated global change .small[ - Human influenced - Loss of biodiversity - Degradation of ecosystems functions and services ] .pull-left[  .tiny[*Skiing in ASPEN*] ] .pull-right[  .tiny[*Deforestation in Amazon rainforest*] ] ------------ .verytiny[ - http://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/science-2013-global-forest - http://www.latimes.com/opinion/readersreact/la-le-0731-friday-cliamte-change-skiing-20150731-story.html - Vitousek, P.M., Mooney, H.A., Lubchenco, J. & Melillo, J. (1997) Human domination of Earth's ecosystems. Science, 277, 494–499 - Sanderson, E.W., Jaiteh, M., Levy, M.A., Redfrod, K.H., Wannebo, A.V. & Woolmer, G. (2002) The human footprint and the last of the wild. Bioscience, 52, 891–904 ] --- ## Emergence of *novel* Ecosystems .small[ - Worldwide - Deliberate *(e.g. intensively managed systems / fires)* - Accidental *(e.g. introduction of species / abandonment of fields)* - Shifts in ecotones/ranges *(e.g. Advancing treelines / Changes on species ranges )* ] **Reshaping species combinations and ecosystem properties** .center[  ] ------------ .verytiny[ - https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/forests/climate-change/forest-change/17778 - Hobbs, R. J., Arico, S., Aronson, J., Baron, J. S., Bridgewater, P., Cramer, V. A., … Zobel, M. (2006). Novel ecosystems: Theoretical and management aspects of the new ecological world order. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 15(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-822X.2006.00212.x ] --- ## Community assembly theory .center[ .alert[General framework to understand the structuring of natural communities]] *What shapes the identity and abundace of species within a community* .pull-left[ .small[ **Hierarchical stochastic and deterministic processes** - dispersal limitation - environmental filtering - biotic interactions] ] .center[  .tiny[Pearson et al. 2018] ] ------------ .verytiny[ - Pearson, D. E., Ortega, Y. K., Eren, Ö., & Hierro, J. L. (2018). Community Assembly Theory as a Framework for Biological Invasions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 33(5), 313–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2018.03.002] --- ## Community assembly theory Ecological filters are scale dependant .center[  .tiny[Perrone et al. 2017] ] ------------ .verytiny[ - Perronne, R., Munoz, F., Borgy, B., Reboud, X., & Gaba, S. (2017). How to design trait-based analyses of community assembly mechanisms: Insights and guidelines from a literature review. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 25, 29–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2017.01.004]