MIFT Study 1 Analyses
Descriptive Statistics
stable:
Table continues below vars n mean sd median trimmed whitemulti_trust_dif 1 146 0.05325 0.5419 0.05 0.04216 White 2 146 3.141 0.5473 3.112 3.138 Multiracial 3 146 3.087 0.5689 3.1 3.102 Black 4 146 3.15 0.6761 3.225 3.196 trust_survey 5 151 5.037 0.8716 5.2 5.065 trust_therm 6 151 73.28 20.06 76 74.5 atma 7 151 3.612 0.5222 3.565 3.593 feel_therm 8 151 76.76 19.17 80 78.14 authen 9 151 5.583 0.9797 5.75 5.634 race_ess 10 151 3.769 1.243 4 3.848 pol_or 11 151 2.98 1.749 3 2.81 Table continues below mad min max range skew whitemulti_trust_dif 0.3336 -1.625 2.075 3.7 0.5116 White 0.4633 1.825 4.8 2.975 0.07697 Multiracial 0.5189 1.6 4.625 3.025 -0.1833 Black 0.5745 1.025 4.825 3.8 -0.6243 trust_survey 0.8896 2.1 7 4.9 -0.4747 trust_therm 20.76 0 100 100 -0.6336 atma 0.5157 1.913 5 3.087 0.2233 feel_therm 22.24 0 100 100 -0.7478 authen 1.112 2.25 7 4.75 -0.511 race_ess 0.9266 1 6.75 5.75 -0.5577 pol_or 1.483 1 7 6 0.5573 kurtosis se whitemulti_trust_dif 2.798 0.04485 White 0.2952 0.04529 Multiracial 0.2146 0.04708 Black 0.7151 0.05595 trust_survey 0.1179 0.07093 trust_therm -0.03012 1.632 atma 0.2634 0.0425 feel_therm 0.3403 1.56 authen -0.03323 0.07973 race_ess -0.1913 0.1011 pol_or -0.7237 0.1423 fluid:
Table continues below vars n mean sd median trimmed whitemulti_trust_dif 1 154 0.1278 0.4958 0.05 0.1063 White 2 154 3.064 0.4963 3.05 3.068 Multiracial 3 154 2.936 0.478 3 2.954 Black 4 154 3.049 0.574 3.075 3.07 trust_survey 5 155 5.018 0.812 5.1 5.027 trust_therm 6 155 71.58 18.59 75 71.42 atma 7 155 3.501 0.5045 3.478 3.494 feel_therm 8 155 74.77 18.47 78 75.08 authen 9 155 5.427 0.9816 5.5 5.458 race_ess 10 155 3.785 1.221 4 3.852 pol_or 11 155 2.832 1.662 3 2.664 Table continues below mad min max range skew kurtosis whitemulti_trust_dif 0.3706 -1.85 2.05 3.9 0.3656 2.715 White 0.4077 1.1 4.35 3.25 -0.2923 1.284 Multiracial 0.3892 1.2 4 2.8 -0.4798 0.9474 Black 0.5004 1.325 4.7 3.375 -0.4137 0.3793 trust_survey 0.7413 1.5 7 5.5 -0.5865 1.207 trust_therm 25.2 23 100 77 -0.1419 -1.028 atma 0.5157 2.174 4.783 2.609 0.0696 -0.1526 feel_therm 23.72 26 100 74 -0.2102 -1.151 authen 1.112 2.5 7 4.5 -0.4217 -0.1535 race_ess 1.112 1 6.875 5.875 -0.4488 -0.2572 pol_or 1.483 1 7 6 0.5264 -0.7724 se whitemulti_trust_dif 0.03996 White 0.03999 Multiracial 0.03852 Black 0.04625 trust_survey 0.06522 trust_therm 1.493 atma 0.04052 feel_therm 1.483 authen 0.07884 race_ess 0.0981 pol_or 0.1335
GEE Model for Speeded Trust Task
From preregistration:
For the speeded trust task, we will fit a GEE regression model with trustworthiness ratings for each target face as the outcome and target race (within subjects—will be dummy coded with White as the comparison group), condition (between subjects), and their interactions as predictors.
Findings:
- The comparison group is White faces in the stable condition. The
intercept is 3.1 on a scale from 1 to 5 (3 midpoint) with a higher score
indicating greater trust.
- Main effects
- There is a main effect of condition such that participants in the
fluid condition report slightly less trust overall than participants in
the stable condition.
- There is also a main effect of the Multiracial dummy code such that participants in both conditions report slightly less trust for Multiracial faces relative to White faces.
- There is also a main effect of the Black dummy code such that
participants in both conditions report slightly less trust for Black
faces relative to White faces.
- There is a main effect of condition such that participants in the
fluid condition report slightly less trust overall than participants in
the stable condition.
- All of these main effects are qualified by significant interactions.
- There is an interaction between condition and the Multiracial dummy code such that participants show lower trust for multiracial people in the fluid condition relative to the stable condition. There is no significant difference between conditions when faces are not multiracial.
- There is an interaction between condition and the Black dummy code such that people in the fluid condition show less trust for faces that are not Black than participants in the stable condition. There is no significant difference between conditions when faces are Black. This one doesn’t really make much sense to me and I think it may be driven by multiracial faces, especially as the means really aren’t that difference compared to the Black faces.
## (Intercept) condition1 race_multi
## 3.10326101 -0.03913764 -0.09031568
## race_black condition1:race_multi condition1:race_black
## -0.00340361 -0.03744406 -0.01201847
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value | NA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.1033 | 0.0100 | 310.8978 | 0.0299 | 103.8124 |
condition1 | -0.0391 | 0.0100 | -3.9210 | 0.0299 | -1.3093 |
race_multi | -0.0903 | 0.0141 | -6.3980 | 0.0297 | -3.0382 |
race_black | -0.0034 | 0.0141 | -0.2411 | 0.0451 | -0.0754 |
condition1:race_multi | -0.0374 | 0.0141 | -2.6526 | 0.0297 | -1.2596 |
condition1:race_black | -0.0120 | 0.0141 | -0.8514 | 0.0451 | -0.2663 |
condition | race_multi | emmean | SE | df | asymp.LCL | asymp.UCL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stable | 0 | 3.1467 | 0.0366 | Inf | 3.0750 | 3.2184 |
fluid | 0 | 3.0564 | 0.0314 | Inf | 2.9948 | 3.1180 |
stable | 1 | 3.0938 | 0.0631 | Inf | 2.9702 | 3.2175 |
fluid | 1 | 2.9287 | 0.0534 | Inf | 2.8241 | 3.0332 |
contrast | race_multi | estimate | SE | df | z.ratio | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fluid - stable | 0 | -0.0903 | 0.0482 | Inf | -1.8719 | 0.0612 |
fluid - stable | 1 | -0.1652 | 0.0826 | Inf | -1.9994 | 0.0456 |
condition | race_black | emmean | SE | df | asymp.LCL | asymp.UCL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stable | 0 | 3.1160 | 0.0397 | Inf | 3.0381 | 3.1938 |
fluid | 0 | 3.0002 | 0.0337 | Inf | 2.9342 | 3.0663 |
stable | 1 | 3.1246 | 0.0714 | Inf | 2.9846 | 3.2645 |
fluid | 1 | 2.9848 | 0.0604 | Inf | 2.8665 | 3.1032 |
contrast | race_black | estimate | SE | df | z.ratio | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fluid - stable | 0 | -0.1157 | 0.0521 | Inf | -2.2215 | 0.0263 |
fluid - stable | 1 | -0.1398 | 0.0935 | Inf | -1.4945 | 0.1351 |
T-tests for main dependent variables for differences between conditions
From preregistration:
For each of the five other dependent variables (listed below), we will run independent samples T-tests to determine if there is any difference between participants who read the fluidity article and participants who read the stability article.
Trust Survey
Findings:
There is not a significant difference in explicit trust on the trust survey between conditions.
Test statistic | df | P value | Alternative hypothesis |
---|---|---|---|
0.1974 | 301.2 | 0.8436 | two.sided |
mean in group stable | mean in group fluid |
---|---|
5.037 | 5.018 |
Trust Thermometer
Findings:
There is not a significant difference in explicit trust on the trust thermometer between conditions.
Test statistic | df | P value | Alternative hypothesis |
---|---|---|---|
0.7674 | 300.9 | 0.4434 | two.sided |
mean in group stable | mean in group fluid |
---|---|
73.28 | 71.58 |
Attitudes towards multiracial adults
Findings:
There is not a significant difference in attitudes towards multiracial adults between conditions. Though it is worth noting that there is a marginal difference in line with our hypothesis (more negative attitudes in stable condition).
Test statistic | df | P value | Alternative hypothesis |
---|---|---|---|
1.879 | 302.9 | 0.06126 | two.sided |
mean in group stable | mean in group fluid |
---|---|
3.612 | 3.501 |
Feeling thermometer
Findings:
There is not a significant difference in feelings towards multiracial people on the feeling thermometer between conditions.
Test statistic | df | P value | Alternative hypothesis |
---|---|---|---|
0.9231 | 302.8 | 0.3567 | two.sided |
mean in group stable | mean in group fluid |
---|---|
76.76 | 74.77 |
Authenticity
Findings:
There is not a significant difference in perceived authenticity of multiracial people between conditions.
Test statistic | df | P value | Alternative hypothesis |
---|---|---|---|
1.386 | 303.8 | 0.1669 | two.sided |
mean in group stable | mean in group fluid |
---|---|
5.583 | 5.427 |
Exploratory Analyses.
From Preregistration:
“We will run an exploratory independent samples T-test to determine if there is any difference in race essentialism between participants who read the fluidity article and participants who read the stability article. If we find that there are no differences in race essentialism between conditions, we will examine whether race essentialism moderates the relationship between which article participants read and each of the six dependent variables.”
Race Essentialism
T-test
Findings:
There is not a significant difference in race essentialism between conditions Thus, we will move forward to examine whether race essentialism moderates the relationship between condition and the dependent variables.
Test statistic | df | P value | Alternative hypothesis |
---|---|---|---|
-0.111 | 303.4 | 0.9117 | two.sided |
mean in group stable | mean in group fluid |
---|---|
3.769 | 3.785 |
Speeded trust task by condition + race essentialism as moderator
From preregistration:
“For the speeded trust task, we will first calculate a White/Multiracial trust difference score by subtracting participant’s average trust ratings for all multiracial targets from participant’s average trust ratings for all White targets, with a higher number indicating greater trust towards White targets relative to multiracial targets. We then will fit a linear regression model with the White/Multiracial trust difference score as the outcome and condition, race essentialism, and the interaction term between the two as predictors. If we find that the interactions is significant, we will conduct simple slopes analysis to probe the interaction.”
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition. Confused by this as there is
when analyzed with the GEE.
- There is a main effect of race essentialism such that participants who are more essentialist about race show greater trust towards White targets relative to Multiracial targets.
- There is no main effect of condition. Confused by this as there is
when analyzed with the GEE.
- Interaction
- There is no significant interaction. In other words, race essentialism does not moderate the relationship between condition and trust.
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | -0.2206 | 0.0947 | -2.3306 | 0.0204 |
condition1 | 0.0685 | 0.0947 | 0.7242 | 0.4695 |
race_ess | 0.0827 | 0.0239 | 3.4603 | 0.0006 |
condition1:race_ess | -0.0087 | 0.0239 | -0.3633 | 0.7166 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0442 | 0.0345 | 0.5102 | 4.5639 | 0.0038 | 3 | -221.784 | 453.567 | 472.086 | 77.0506 | 296 | 300 |
Other main DVs by condition + race essentialism as moderator
From preregistration:
“For each of the five other dependent variables, we will fit an individual linear regression model including condition, race essentialism, and the interaction term between the two as predictors. If we find a significant interaction between condition and race essentialism for any of the models, we will conduct simple slopes analysis for that model to probe the interaction.”
Trust survey
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition.
- There is a main effect of race essentialism such that participants who are more essentialist about race show less trust towards multiracial people.
- There is no main effect of condition.
- Interaction
- There is no significant interaction. In other words, race essentialism does not moderate the relationship between condition and trust.
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 5.4446 | 0.1536 | 35.4380 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | 0.2001 | 0.1536 | 1.3027 | 0.1937 |
race_ess | -0.1103 | 0.0387 | -2.8512 | 0.0047 |
condition1:race_ess | -0.0553 | 0.0387 | -1.4291 | 0.1540 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0326 | 0.023 | 0.8309 | 3.3925 | 0.0183 | 3 | -375.499 | 760.999 | 779.617 | 208.503 | 302 | 306 |
Trust Thermometer
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition.
- There is a main effect of race essentialism such that participants who are more essentialist about race show less trust towards multiracial people.
- There is no main effect of condition.
- Interaction
- There is no significant interaction. In other words, race essentialism does not moderate the relationship between condition and trust.
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 79.6541 | 3.5516 | 22.4277 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | 2.8688 | 3.5516 | 0.8078 | 0.4199 |
race_ess | -1.9109 | 0.8943 | -2.1368 | 0.0334 |
condition1:race_ess | -0.9803 | 0.8943 | -1.0963 | 0.2738 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0206 | 0.0108 | 19.2079 | 2.1151 | 0.0983 | 3 | -1336.51 | 2683.02 | 2701.64 | 111421 | 302 | 306 |
Attitudes towards multiracial adults
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition.
- There is no main effect of race essentialism. It is worth noting that this is marginal such that participants who are more essentialist about race show more negative attitudes towards multiracial people.
- There is no main effect of condition.
- Interaction
- There is no significant interaction. In other words, race essentialism does not moderate the relationship between condition and attitudes towards multiracial adults.
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.7325 | 0.0946 | 39.4506 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | -0.0248 | 0.0946 | -0.2622 | 0.7933 |
race_ess | -0.0466 | 0.0238 | -1.9567 | 0.0513 |
condition1:race_ess | -0.0079 | 0.0238 | -0.3332 | 0.7392 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0242 | 0.0145 | 0.5117 | 2.4964 | 0.0599 | 3 | -227.151 | 464.303 | 482.92 | 79.0719 | 302 | 306 |
Feeling thermometer
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition.
- There is no main effect of race essentialism. Though again perhaps can be considered marginal such that participants who are more essentialist about race show more negative attitudes towards multiracial people.
- There is no main effect of condition.
- Interaction
- There is no significant interaction. In other words, race essentialism does not moderate the relationship between condition and attitudes.
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 81.6797 | 3.4611 | 23.5993 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | 3.7944 | 3.4611 | 1.0963 | 0.2738 |
race_ess | -1.5627 | 0.8715 | -1.7931 | 0.0740 |
condition1:race_ess | -1.2645 | 0.8715 | -1.4510 | 0.1478 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.02 | 0.0103 | 18.7185 | 2.0536 | 0.1064 | 3 | -1328.61 | 2667.23 | 2685.84 | 105816 | 302 | 306 |
Authenticity
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition.
- There is a main effect of race essentialism such that participants
who are more essentialist about race perceive multiracial people as less
authentic.
- There is no main effect of condition.
- Interaction
- There is no significant interaction. In other words, race essentialism does not moderate the relationship between condition and authenticity.
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 6.2849 | 0.1755 | 35.8046 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | 0.0525 | 0.1755 | 0.2994 | 0.7649 |
race_ess | -0.2064 | 0.0442 | -4.6700 | 0.0000 |
condition1:race_ess | -0.0341 | 0.0442 | -0.7705 | 0.4416 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0748 | 0.0656 | 0.9493 | 8.1404 | 0 | 3 | -416.272 | 842.543 | 861.161 | 272.173 | 302 | 306 |
Race & political orientation
From preregistration:
Additionally, we will conduct exploratory analyses to examine whether participants’ responses vary by participant race and political orientation..
Personally I would not read into the participant race effects too much due to the small Ns in some cells.
White | Black | Latine | Asian | Other |
---|---|---|---|---|
232 | 32 | 16 | 18 | 7 |
Speeded trust task by condition + participant race and political orientation as moderators
From preregistration:
For the speeded trust task, we will again use the White/Multiracial trust difference score as described above. We then will fit a linear regression model with the White/Multiracial trust difference score as the outcome and condition, participant race, political orientation, and the two two-way interaction terms between condition, and participant race/political orientation (i.e., condition X participant race, condition X political orientation) as predictors. If we find that any of the interactions are significant, we will conduct simple slopes analysis to probe the interaction.
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition
- There are no main effects of participant race
- There is a main effect of political orientation such that participants that are more conservative show greater trust for white faces relative to multiracial faces.
- Interactions
- There are no interactions between participant race and condition
- There is no interaction between condition and political orientation.
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | -0.1430 | 0.0784 | -1.8250 | 0.0690 |
condition1 | 0.0773 | 0.0784 | 0.9870 | 0.3245 |
race_factor1 | -0.0581 | 0.0477 | -1.2164 | 0.2248 |
race_factor2 | 0.0310 | 0.0463 | 0.6702 | 0.5033 |
race_factor3 | 0.0303 | 0.0333 | 0.9096 | 0.3638 |
race_factor4 | -0.0287 | 0.0437 | -0.6549 | 0.5130 |
pol_or | 0.0776 | 0.0174 | 4.4572 | 0.0000 |
condition1:race_factor1 | 0.0002 | 0.0477 | 0.0045 | 0.9964 |
condition1:race_factor2 | 0.0638 | 0.0463 | 1.3782 | 0.1692 |
condition1:race_factor3 | -0.0467 | 0.0333 | -1.4008 | 0.1624 |
condition1:race_factor4 | -0.0292 | 0.0437 | -0.6674 | 0.5050 |
condition1:pol_or | -0.0160 | 0.0174 | -0.9203 | 0.3582 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0932 | 0.0585 | 0.504 | 2.6823 | 0.0027 | 11 | -213.268 | 452.537 | 500.642 | 72.9016 | 287 | 299 |
Other main DVs by condition + participant race and political orientation as moderators
From preregistration:
For each of the five other dependent variables, we will fit an individual linear regression model including condition, participant race, political orientation, and the two-way interaction terms between condition and each demographic variable (i.e., condition X participant race, condition X political orientation) as predictors. If we find a significant effect for either of the interaction terms for any of the models, we will conduct simple slopes analysis for that model to probe the interaction.
Trust survey
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition
- There are no main effects of participant race aside from Black participants. Black participants show lower trust for multiracial people.
- There is a main effect of political orientation such that participants that are more conservative show lower trust for multiracial people.
- Interactions
- There are no interactions between participant race and condition
- There is no interaction between condition and political orientation
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 5.1332 | 0.1270 | 40.4117 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | -0.0243 | 0.1270 | -0.1914 | 0.8484 |
race_factor1 | -0.1721 | 0.0777 | -2.2151 | 0.0275 |
race_factor2 | -0.0324 | 0.0755 | -0.4286 | 0.6686 |
race_factor3 | -0.0821 | 0.0543 | -1.5104 | 0.1320 |
race_factor4 | 0.0447 | 0.0713 | 0.6273 | 0.5310 |
pol_or | -0.0920 | 0.0280 | -3.2858 | 0.0011 |
condition1:race_factor1 | -0.1258 | 0.0777 | -1.6185 | 0.1066 |
condition1:race_factor2 | 0.0092 | 0.0755 | 0.1219 | 0.9030 |
condition1:race_factor3 | 0.0905 | 0.0543 | 1.6649 | 0.0970 |
condition1:race_factor4 | 0.0122 | 0.0713 | 0.1718 | 0.8637 |
condition1:pol_or | 0.0055 | 0.0280 | 0.1967 | 0.8442 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0822 | 0.0477 | 0.8216 | 2.3858 | 0.0077 | 11 | -366.733 | 759.466 | 807.83 | 197.797 | 293 | 305 |
Trust Thermometer
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition
- There are no main effects of participant race aside from Asian participants. Asian participants show lower trust for multiracial people.
- There is a main effect of political orientation such that participants that are more conservative show less trust for multiracial people.
- Interactions
- There are no interactions between participant race and condition aside from asian participants who showed lower trust than White participants for multiracial people only in the stable condition.
- There is no interaction between condition and political orientation
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 74.2402 | 2.9416 | 25.2379 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | 0.4594 | 2.9416 | 0.1562 | 0.8760 |
race_factor1 | -1.0616 | 1.7996 | -0.5899 | 0.5557 |
race_factor2 | -0.2552 | 1.7482 | -0.1460 | 0.8840 |
race_factor3 | -2.9791 | 1.2583 | -2.3675 | 0.0186 |
race_factor4 | 0.3931 | 1.6506 | 0.2381 | 0.8120 |
pol_or | -1.6707 | 0.6482 | -2.5776 | 0.0104 |
condition1:race_factor1 | -1.4529 | 1.7996 | -0.8073 | 0.4201 |
condition1:race_factor2 | -0.6656 | 1.7482 | -0.3807 | 0.7037 |
condition1:race_factor3 | 2.6777 | 1.2583 | 2.1280 | 0.0342 |
condition1:race_factor4 | 1.1631 | 1.6506 | 0.7046 | 0.4816 |
condition1:pol_or | 0.0695 | 0.6482 | 0.1072 | 0.9147 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0612 | 0.026 | 19.0276 | 1.7373 | 0.0649 | 11 | -1325.15 | 2676.3 | 2724.67 | 106080 | 293 | 305 |
condition | race_factor | emmean | SE | df | lower.CL | upper.CL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stable | White | 74.3566 | 1.7637 | 293 | 70.8855 | 77.8278 |
fluid | White | 72.2338 | 1.7764 | 293 | 68.7376 | 75.7300 |
stable | Black | 75.1391 | 4.9130 | 293 | 65.4699 | 84.8084 |
fluid | Black | 67.2048 | 4.6219 | 293 | 58.1084 | 76.3012 |
stable | Latine | 75.9790 | 6.0503 | 293 | 64.0714 | 87.8867 |
fluid | Latine | 66.9571 | 7.7710 | 293 | 51.6629 | 82.2512 |
stable | Asian | 52.5311 | 7.1937 | 293 | 38.3732 | 66.6891 |
fluid | Asian | 67.5931 | 5.7588 | 293 | 56.2592 | 78.9269 |
stable | Other | 65.6515 | 13.5874 | 293 | 38.9101 | 92.3928 |
fluid | Other | 76.2777 | 8.5139 | 293 | 59.5216 | 93.0339 |
contrast | condition | estimate | SE | df | t.ratio | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black - White | stable | 0.7825 | 5.2208 | 293 | 0.1499 | 0.9999 |
Latine - White | stable | 1.6224 | 6.3150 | 293 | 0.2569 | 0.9990 |
Latine - Black | stable | 0.8399 | 7.7913 | 293 | 0.1078 | 1.0000 |
Asian - White | stable | -21.8255 | 7.4097 | 293 | -2.9455 | 0.0285 |
Asian - Black | stable | -22.6080 | 8.7107 | 293 | -2.5954 | 0.0738 |
Asian - Latine | stable | -23.4479 | 9.3884 | 293 | -2.4975 | 0.0940 |
Other - White | stable | -8.7052 | 13.6838 | 293 | -0.6362 | 0.9691 |
Other - Black | stable | -9.4877 | 14.4525 | 293 | -0.6565 | 0.9653 |
Other - Latine | stable | -10.3276 | 14.9542 | 293 | -0.6906 | 0.9584 |
Other - Asian | stable | 13.1203 | 15.3951 | 293 | 0.8522 | 0.9138 |
Black - White | fluid | -5.0290 | 4.9560 | 293 | -1.0147 | 0.8485 |
Latine - White | fluid | -5.2767 | 7.9691 | 293 | -0.6621 | 0.9642 |
Latine - Black | fluid | -0.2477 | 9.0478 | 293 | -0.0274 | 1.0000 |
Asian - White | fluid | -4.6407 | 6.0194 | 293 | -0.7710 | 0.9388 |
Asian - Black | fluid | 0.3883 | 7.4014 | 293 | 0.0525 | 1.0000 |
Asian - Latine | fluid | 0.6360 | 9.6610 | 293 | 0.0658 | 1.0000 |
Other - White | fluid | 4.0440 | 8.7000 | 293 | 0.4648 | 0.9904 |
Other - Black | fluid | 9.0730 | 9.6802 | 293 | 0.9373 | 0.8822 |
Other - Latine | fluid | 9.3207 | 11.5324 | 293 | 0.8082 | 0.9280 |
Other - Asian | fluid | 8.6847 | 10.2921 | 293 | 0.8438 | 0.9167 |
Attitudes towards multiracial adults
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition
- There are no main effects of participant race aside from Black participants. Black participants show more negative attitudes towards multiracial people than White participants.
- There is no main effect of political orientation.
- Interactions
- There are no interactions between participant race and condition aside from asian participants but when I probed this literally nothing was significant.
- There is no interaction between condition and political orientation
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.4602 | 0.0784 | 44.1449 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | -0.0220 | 0.0784 | -0.2801 | 0.7796 |
race_factor1 | -0.1103 | 0.0480 | -2.3007 | 0.0221 |
race_factor2 | -0.0529 | 0.0466 | -1.1360 | 0.2569 |
race_factor3 | -0.0139 | 0.0335 | -0.4131 | 0.6799 |
race_factor4 | -0.0176 | 0.0440 | -0.4005 | 0.6891 |
pol_or | -0.0164 | 0.0173 | -0.9524 | 0.3417 |
condition1:race_factor1 | -0.0217 | 0.0480 | -0.4526 | 0.6512 |
condition1:race_factor2 | -0.0562 | 0.0466 | -1.2062 | 0.2287 |
condition1:race_factor3 | 0.0742 | 0.0335 | 2.2143 | 0.0276 |
condition1:race_factor4 | 0.0538 | 0.0440 | 1.2230 | 0.2223 |
condition1:pol_or | 0.0055 | 0.0173 | 0.3165 | 0.7518 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0664 | 0.0313 | 0.507 | 1.893 | 0.0399 | 11 | -219.494 | 464.989 | 513.353 | 75.3197 | 293 | 305 |
Feeling thermometer
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition
- There are no main effects of participant race aside from Asian participants. Asian participants show more negative attitudes towards multiracial people than White participants.
- There is a main effect of political orientation such that participants that are more conservative show more negative feelings towards multiracial people.
- Interactions
- There are no interactions between participant race and condition.
- There is no interaction between condition and political orientation
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 79.0028 | 2.8549 | 27.6727 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | -0.3247 | 2.8549 | -0.1137 | 0.9095 |
race_factor1 | -1.7866 | 1.7466 | -1.0229 | 0.3072 |
race_factor2 | 0.4398 | 1.6967 | 0.2592 | 0.7956 |
race_factor3 | -2.7363 | 1.2212 | -2.2406 | 0.0258 |
race_factor4 | 0.2800 | 1.6020 | 0.1748 | 0.8614 |
pol_or | -2.0408 | 0.6291 | -3.2443 | 0.0013 |
condition1:race_factor1 | -0.7898 | 1.7466 | -0.4522 | 0.6515 |
condition1:race_factor2 | -1.0373 | 1.6967 | -0.6114 | 0.5414 |
condition1:race_factor3 | 2.0191 | 1.2212 | 1.6533 | 0.0993 |
condition1:race_factor4 | 0.7897 | 1.6020 | 0.4930 | 0.6224 |
condition1:pol_or | 0.1168 | 0.6291 | 0.1858 | 0.8528 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0684 | 0.0334 | 18.4667 | 1.9562 | 0.0325 | 11 | -1316.03 | 2658.05 | 2706.41 | 99918.4 | 293 | 305 |
Authenticity
Findings:
- Main Effects
- There is no main effect of condition
- There are no main effects of participant race aside from Black
participants. Black participants perceive multiracial people as less
authentic than White participants.
- There is a main effect of political orientation such that participants that are more conservative perceive multiracial people as less authentic.
- Interactions
- There are no interactions between participant race and condition.
- There is no interaction between condition and political orientation
term | estimate | std.error | statistic | p.value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 5.7121 | 0.1443 | 39.5772 | 0.0000 |
condition1 | -0.1069 | 0.1443 | -0.7407 | 0.4595 |
race_factor1 | -0.2993 | 0.0883 | -3.3892 | 0.0008 |
race_factor2 | 0.0247 | 0.0858 | 0.2879 | 0.7736 |
race_factor3 | -0.0586 | 0.0617 | -0.9484 | 0.3437 |
race_factor4 | 0.0384 | 0.0810 | 0.4741 | 0.6358 |
pol_or | -0.1398 | 0.0318 | -4.3975 | 0.0000 |
condition1:race_factor1 | -0.0511 | 0.0883 | -0.5784 | 0.5635 |
condition1:race_factor2 | -0.0794 | 0.0858 | -0.9263 | 0.3551 |
condition1:race_factor3 | 0.0457 | 0.0617 | 0.7404 | 0.4597 |
condition1:race_factor4 | 0.1068 | 0.0810 | 1.3188 | 0.1883 |
condition1:pol_or | 0.0192 | 0.0318 | 0.6045 | 0.5460 |
r.squared | adj.r.squared | sigma | statistic | p.value | df | logLik | AIC | BIC | deviance | df.residual | nobs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.1253 | 0.0924 | 0.9336 | 3.8145 | 0 | 11 | -405.691 | 837.381 | 885.745 | 255.367 | 293 | 305 |
Additional Exploratory Descriptives looking at main Dvs by participant race
White:
Table continues below vars n mean sd median trimmed whitemulti_trust_dif 1 226 0.1077 0.5365 0.075 0.0886 White 2 226 3.148 0.5205 3.125 3.148 Multiracial 3 226 3.04 0.5316 3.037 3.045 Black 4 226 3.135 0.6417 3.2 3.169 trust_survey 5 232 5.105 0.8172 5.2 5.121 trust_therm 6 232 73.25 18.95 76 73.77 atma 7 232 3.607 0.5245 3.609 3.598 feel_therm 8 232 76.83 18.38 80 77.86 authen 9 232 5.596 0.953 5.75 5.644 race_ess 10 232 3.741 1.281 4 3.823 pol_or 11 232 2.927 1.728 3 2.763 Table continues below mad min max range skew kurtosis whitemulti_trust_dif 0.3706 -1.85 2.075 3.925 0.4381 2.901 White 0.4077 1.1 4.8 3.7 -0.155 1.143 Multiracial 0.4448 1.2 4.625 3.425 -0.1496 0.5699 Black 0.5745 1.025 4.825 3.8 -0.5228 0.5749 trust_survey 0.7413 2.1 7 4.9 -0.4199 0.1667 trust_therm 21.5 0 100 100 -0.4864 -0.2401 atma 0.5157 1.913 5 3.087 0.01722 0.1945 feel_therm 20.76 0 100 100 -0.6292 0.08296 authen 1.112 2.75 7 4.25 -0.4604 -0.2884 race_ess 1.112 1 6.875 5.875 -0.5069 -0.2993 pol_or 1.483 1 7 6 0.5286 -0.8524 se whitemulti_trust_dif 0.03569 White 0.03462 Multiracial 0.03536 Black 0.04269 trust_survey 0.05365 trust_therm 1.244 atma 0.03444 feel_therm 1.206 authen 0.06257 race_ess 0.0841 pol_or 0.1134 Black:
Table continues below vars n mean sd median trimmed whitemulti_trust_dif 1 32 0.001562 0.3868 0 0.005769 White 2 32 2.998 0.4684 3 2.972 Multiracial 3 32 2.996 0.482 3 3.011 Black 4 32 3.166 0.4591 3.088 3.149 trust_survey 5 32 4.737 0.9431 5 4.823 trust_therm 6 32 70.72 20.76 73 71.27 atma 7 32 3.379 0.423 3.326 3.336 feel_therm 8 32 72.91 20.99 72.5 73.19 authen 9 32 4.977 1.082 5 5.058 race_ess 10 32 4.262 0.9144 4.375 4.303 pol_or 11 32 3.031 1.732 3 2.846 Table continues below mad min max range skew whitemulti_trust_dif 0.2965 -0.9 1.05 1.95 0.1138 White 0.4262 2.025 4.4 2.375 0.6275 Multiracial 0.3521 1.55 4.2 2.65 -0.3706 Black 0.3706 2.2 4.375 2.175 0.5086 trust_survey 0.8154 1.5 6.2 4.7 -1.304 trust_therm 29.65 30 100 70 -0.2279 atma 0.419 2.826 4.304 1.478 0.7558 feel_therm 32.62 35 100 65 -0.03147 authen 0.7413 2.25 6.75 4.5 -0.6458 race_ess 0.556 2 6 4 -0.4361 pol_or 1.483 1 7 6 0.5673 kurtosis se whitemulti_trust_dif 0.84 0.06837 White 0.9494 0.0828 Multiracial 1.783 0.08521 Black 0.1777 0.08116 trust_survey 2.369 0.1667 trust_therm -1.184 3.67 atma -0.4342 0.07478 feel_therm -1.575 3.711 authen 0.2267 0.1913 race_ess 0.3281 0.1616 pol_or -0.4265 0.3061 Latine:
Table continues below vars n mean sd median trimmed whitemulti_trust_dif 1 16 0.0375 0.6044 0 0.03036 White 2 16 2.83 0.5192 2.975 2.85 Multiracial 3 16 2.792 0.3637 2.775 2.796 Black 4 16 2.889 0.5585 3 2.943 trust_survey 5 16 4.912 0.7873 5.05 4.929 trust_therm 6 16 73.5 20.67 78 74.43 atma 7 16 3.41 0.5902 3.391 3.379 feel_therm 8 16 78.75 18.67 82.5 79.29 authen 9 16 5.547 1.022 5.625 5.571 race_ess 10 16 3.602 1.111 3.688 3.607 pol_or 11 16 2.375 1.544 2 2.214 Table continues below mad min max range skew whitemulti_trust_dif 0.2595 -1.275 1.45 2.725 -0.02441 White 0.5004 1.825 3.55 1.725 -0.479 Multiracial 0.4262 2.1 3.425 1.325 -0.1171 Black 0.5004 1.375 3.65 2.275 -0.9438 trust_survey 1.112 3.6 6 2.4 -0.1166 trust_therm 25.95 34 100 66 -0.3034 atma 0.5479 2.435 4.826 2.391 0.4591 feel_therm 25.2 50 100 50 -0.3485 authen 0.7413 3.75 7 3.25 -0.2199 race_ess 0.834 1.5 5.625 4.125 0.0484 pol_or 1.483 1 6 5 0.7294 kurtosis se whitemulti_trust_dif 0.7412 0.1511 White -1.127 0.1298 Multiracial -1.06 0.09094 Black 0.9455 0.1396 trust_survey -1.425 0.1968 trust_therm -1.298 5.167 atma -0.04476 0.1475 feel_therm -1.409 4.668 authen -0.9538 0.2554 race_ess -0.6152 0.2777 pol_or -0.5891 0.386 Asian:
Table continues below vars n mean sd median trimmed whitemulti_trust_dif 1 18 0.1569 0.5015 0 0.1344 White 2 18 3.065 0.5423 2.95 3.062 Multiracial 3 18 2.908 0.6143 2.975 2.939 Black 4 18 2.785 0.6276 2.875 2.812 trust_survey 5 18 4.667 0.7639 4.6 4.706 trust_therm 6 18 62.39 18.42 63 62.31 atma 7 18 3.43 0.4358 3.457 3.416 feel_therm 8 18 66.56 18.37 67.5 66.56 authen 9 18 5.139 0.8054 5 5.141 race_ess 10 18 3.549 1.141 3.688 3.539 pol_or 11 18 2.5 1.425 2 2.438 Table continues below mad min max range skew whitemulti_trust_dif 0.3892 -0.6 1.275 1.875 0.5292 White 0.4448 2.025 4.15 2.125 0.2427 Multiracial 0.7042 1.675 3.65 1.975 -0.5556 Black 0.6116 1.45 3.675 2.225 -0.6914 trust_survey 0.8896 3.1 5.6 2.5 -0.1829 trust_therm 19.27 26 100 74 0.09683 atma 0.3545 2.696 4.391 1.696 0.3104 feel_therm 22.98 33 100 67 -0.02402 authen 0.7413 3.75 6.5 2.75 0.06121 race_ess 1.297 1.625 5.625 4 -0.04313 pol_or 1.483 1 5 4 0.4035 kurtosis se whitemulti_trust_dif -0.6405 0.1182 White -0.7601 0.1278 Multiracial -1.018 0.1448 Black -0.3524 0.1479 trust_survey -1.26 0.1801 trust_therm -0.5888 4.341 atma -0.436 0.1027 feel_therm -1.157 4.33 authen -1.187 0.1898 race_ess -1.296 0.2689 pol_or -1.326 0.3358 Other:
Table continues below vars n mean sd whitemulti_trust_dif 1 7 -0.00000000000000008128 0.3503 White 2 7 2.807 0.587 Multiracial 3 7 2.807 0.6932 Black 4 7 2.825 0.7388 trust_survey 5 7 4.986 1.139 trust_therm 6 7 71.86 20.13 atma 7 7 3.416 0.3558 feel_therm 8 7 73.86 20.06 authen 9 7 5.5 0.9895 race_ess 10 7 3.714 1.038 pol_or 11 7 3.714 1.799 Table continues below median trimmed mad min whitemulti_trust_dif 0.05 -0.0000000000000000793 0.4077 -0.625 White 2.675 2.807 0.2224 1.95 Multiracial 3.075 2.807 0.6301 1.6 Black 3.15 2.825 0.7784 1.85 trust_survey 5 4.986 1.483 3.3 trust_therm 72 71.86 19.27 39 atma 3.478 3.416 0.3223 2.739 feel_therm 80 73.86 22.24 45 authen 5.75 5.5 0.3706 4 race_ess 3.75 3.714 0.3706 1.75 pol_or 4 3.714 1.483 1 max range skew kurtosis se whitemulti_trust_dif 0.35 0.975 -0.6325 -1.222 0.1324 White 3.6 1.65 0.1705 -1.497 0.2219 Multiracial 3.5 1.9 -0.549 -1.366 0.262 Black 3.675 1.825 -0.3027 -1.836 0.2792 trust_survey 6.4 3.1 -0.06522 -1.641 0.4306 trust_therm 100 61 -0.2121 -1.361 7.608 atma 3.826 1.087 -0.7171 -0.8049 0.1345 feel_therm 100 55 -0.196 -1.748 7.583 authen 7 3 -0.1244 -1.332 0.374 race_ess 5.125 3.375 -0.5728 -0.6523 0.3922 pol_or 7 6 0.3633 -0.6652 0.6801